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Insights, tips, and guides for living in Japan

Statute of Limitations in Japanese Civil Law Key Legal Rules to Know in Property and Real Estate Transactions in Japan
Legal Advice

Statute of Limitations in Japanese Civil Law Key Legal Rules to Know in Property and Real Estate Transactions in Japan

In Japan, the passage of time can significantly affect legal rights related to property, financial claims, and real estate transactions. Under Japanese Civil Law, this legal mechanism is known as statute of limitations (時効 – jikō). Understanding the statute of limitations is important because it can determine whether a legal right is acquired or lost over time. This concept frequently appears in matters related to: • property ownership disputes • unpaid debts • damage compensation claims • real estate transactions In this article, we explain the concept of statute of limitations under Japanese Civil Law, its main types, and how it may affect property and financial rights.

Hoang Thuy Chau Ngoc
Mar 16, 2026
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Representation in Japanese Law
Legal Advice

Representation in Japanese Law

Key Legal Concepts Clients Should Understand in Real Estate Transactions In Japan, many contracts are not always signed directly by the person who owns the property or the person involved in the transaction. In practice, contracts are often concluded through a representative. For example, in real estate transactions it is common that: A real estate agent signs a contract on behalf of the property owner A family member signs documents for the property owner A company signs a contract through its legal representative Because of this, understanding how the legal concept of representation works is important for confirming whether a contract is valid and for avoiding legal risks. This article explains the basic structure of representation under Japanese civil law.

Hoang Thuy Chau Ngoc
Mar 14, 2026
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Declaration of Intent in Japanese Law - What clients need to understand before signing a contract in Japan
Legal Advice

Declaration of Intent in Japanese Law - What clients need to understand before signing a contract in Japan

When entering into transactions in Japan, especially important ones such as real estate purchases, lease agreements, or business contracts, many people assume that once a contract is signed, it is always legally binding. However, under Japanese Civil Law, the validity of a contract depends not only on signatures or documents, but fundamentally on what is called a declaration of intent. This article explains, in a clear and practical way, what a declaration of intent means under Japanese law, when it is valid, when it is invalid, and when a contract may be canceled. Understanding these points is essential for avoiding legal risks and protecting your rights in Japan.

Hoang Thuy Chau Ngoc
Feb 1, 2026
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Legal Capacity in Transactions in Japan | What Clients Need to Know to Sign Contracts Safely
Legal Advice

Legal Capacity in Transactions in Japan | What Clients Need to Know to Sign Contracts Safely

When entering into civil transactions in Japan, especially in real estate related matters such as property purchase, sale, leasing, or asset transfer, the validity of a contract depends not only on its contents but also on the legal capacity of the person who signs it. Japanese law has established a clear legal framework to protect individuals who lack full decision making ability, while at the same time ensuring legal stability for the other party to the transaction. This framework is known as the system of persons with limited legal capacity. This article explains who is considered to have limited legal capacity, which transactions are legally valid, which may later be cancelled, and what special precautions are required in real estate transactions.

Hoang Thuy Chau Ngoc
Jan 25, 2026
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Types of Contracts under the Japanese Civil Code
Legal Advice

Types of Contracts under the Japanese Civil Code

Essential Legal Knowledge Clients Should Understand Before Signing a Contract In civil transactions in Japan, especially in real estate and construction related matters, contracts form the most important legal foundation defining the rights and obligations of each party. However, not all contracts have the same legal nature. Depending on the type of contract, the requirements for formation, the scope of responsibility, and the available remedies in case of disputes can differ significantly. This article explains the basic concepts and major types of contracts under the Japanese Civil Code from a client oriented perspective, helping readers understand the legal framework before entering into a contract.

Hoang Thuy Chau Ngoc
Jan 17, 2026
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